An extraction method for deep-seated thick seam deposits by underground mining with high resource recovery has remained a great challenge for Indian mining engineers, whereas the longwall top coal caving (LTCC) method has evolved as an effective method for various geo mining conditions in China and other counties. The percentage of top coal recovery (TCR) plays a predominant role in ...

The longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is a widely used method for producing thick coal seams. This method is applied in two different ways in steeply inclined thick coal seams by forming a longwall at the horizontal thickness of the seam and the slope of the seam.

The longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is a widely used method for producing thick coal seams. This method is applied in two different ways in steeply inclined thick coal seams by forming a longwall at the horizontal thickness of the seam and the slope of the seam.

Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) Technical Principle Of Top Caving Rock stress 1st pressure Low stress Stress 2nd pressure Compact peak abrupt drop peak stress Pressure curve of top coalseam Fracture 5600 Coal Broken Coal coal goaf …

Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) and large mining height fully mechanized mining are the main ways to recover thick coal seam. However, CSC fires have always affected the safety and efficiency of mining production and lives of coal miners; it is one of the main disasters in coal mines [ 2 ].

Longwall Top Coal Caving. Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is a special type of longwall mining applicable to very thick seams (greater than 4.5m) where good quality coal is being left because "conventional" longwall equipment has not yet been designed to …

Rock Mech Rock Eng (2017) 50:507–511 DOI 10.1007/s00603-016-1096-8 TECHNICAL NOTE Case Study on Overburden Fracturing during Longwall Top Coal Caving Using Microseismic Monitoring 1 1,2 3 • • Bin Yu Jun Zhao Hongtian Xiao Received: 2 June 2015 / Accepted: 17 September 2016 / Published online: 22 September 2016 Springer-Verlag Wien 2016 Keywords Super-thick coal …

In the process of longwall top coal caving, the deformation and movement of the overlying hugely-thick conglomerate stratum (HTCS) directly affects the rock pressure behavior in the longwall. Based on conditions of the geology and mining of coal face 13,180 at Gengcun coal mine of Yima Mining Area, China, numerical and similar material simulations were carried out, and the …

Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) and large mining height. ... In the process of longwall. mining, the working faces in the mine are usually separated. by barrier pillar. Entries are arranged on ...

Longwall Top-Coal Caving: A Productive and Efficient Alternative . December 4, 2018 - In the right conditions, longwall mining is one of the safest, most productive and most efficient ways to produce coal. This is owed in part to the high degree of automation employed by modern longwall operations, which keeps shearers and roof supports advancing smoothly and people far …

in an easy collapsing of top coal. 8202 working face is using comprehensive mechanized, low top coal caving, longwall retreating mining, multi round and hierarchical sequential caving method, natural collapse method for the overlying roof, with a 0.8 m cycle progress and coal caving step distance, until the working face advances to 30 m before the

equipment in longwall top coal caving method (LTCC) with coal discharge to face conveyor. The application of the proposed schemes lessens the influence of the human factor, prevents coal dilution, eliminates conveyor overloading, decreases workload of shearer operator in face area and reduces the probability of making errors by operators. 1.

Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is a special designed longwall mining method for very thick seams (thickness is more than 4.5m) where good quality coal is being left because "conventional" longwall equipment has not yet been designed to operate successfully beyond around 5m mining height.

Longwall mining is a form of underground coal mining where a long wall of coal is mined in a single slice (typically 0.6–1.0 m (2 ft 0 in–3 ft 3 in) thick). The longwall panel (the block of coal that is being mined) is typically 3–4 km (1.9–2.5 mi) long and 250–400 m (820–1,310 ft) wide.

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In longwall top coal caving (LTCC), the resource recovery ratio of the working face is directly determined by the top coal recovery ratio. An investigation of the evolution of top coal drawing characteristics and revealing the evolution of top coal drawing parameters is necessary when providing guidance for caving parameter selection and improving the top coal recovery ratio.

In the process of longwall top coal caving, the selection of the top coal caving interval along the advancing direction of the working face has an important effect on the top coal recovery. To explore a realistic top coal caving interval of the longwall top coal caving working face, longwall top coal caving panel 8202 in the Tongxin Coal Mine is used as an example, and 30 numerical simulation ...

Based on the raw data of shield pressure and overlying strata movement measured in the field, the ground pressure features and overlying strata movement were analyzed in 8202 extra-thick coal seam longwall top coal caving working face of Tongxin coal mine after its extraction. The research results show that: during the process of mining, the interval of the lower sub key strata caved for the ...

longwall machinery has grown more complex, forcing manufacturers to optimize interaction between systems and machines such as roof supports, conveyors, beam stage loaders and shearers. In the past decade, these systems became even more complex with the professional introduction and extended usage of the Longwall Top Coal Caving technology (LTCC).

A brief description of longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is included at the end of the Longwall section of the Fundamentals of Coal Mining module of this web site. Despite the fact that there are numerous coal seams in Australia which are thick enough for LTCC to be used to increase recoveries, potentially at a reduced cost/tonne, there has been ...

Longwall top coal caving technology is one of the main methods of thick coal seam mining in China, and the classification evaluation of top coal cavability in longwall top coal caving working face is of great significance for improving coal recovery. However, the empirical or numerical simulation me …

Abstract. This paper develops a series of methodologies to improve the recovery rate from longwall top coal caving. Cavability of top coal is the most essential indicator to estimate the recovery rate. Some influencing factors of cavability such as unconfined compressive strength, abutment pressure and thickness of top coal are primarily ...

The Longwall Top-Coal Caving (LTCC) method makes use of a second conveyor and the natural force of gravity to recover coal above the shearer's recommended height once the face has advanced. According to Dr. Sebastian Mundry, a Inc. longwall automation manager, LTCC eliminates all the problems commonly associated with high-seam ...

The integrated FDM–DFN model enabled the influence of the preexisting fracture, stress redistribution, stress rotation, caving material compaction, and periodic rupture of roof strata to be superimposed on the failure process of top coal. It was revealed the LTCC influenced both magnitude and orientation of the principal stress within top coal.

The longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is the main method to extract thick and extrathick coal seams. Figure 1 shows the basic procedure of LTCC. A longwall fully mechanized mining is arranged at the bottom coal seam, where the coal is cut by the shearer, with transporting out of the panel by the front scraper conveyor.

Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) is a special type of longwall mining applicable to very thick seams (greater than 4.5m) where good quality coal is being left because "conventional" longwall equipment has not yet been designed to operate successfully beyond around 5m mining height.

China is the world's largest producer and consumer of coal, accounting for more than 56.8% of its primary energy consumption. Thick coal seams are abundant in coal resources, accounting for 45% of the workable coal seam in China [1].Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) and large mining height fully mechanized mining are the main ways to recover thick coal seam.

Longwall top-coal caving technology has developed rapidly in China, in recent years. The application of longwall top-coal The application of longwall top-coal caving can double both the productivity and the efficiency of a working face and reduce the cost of production by 30 to 40o/o.

Fully Mechanized Long-Wall, Top-Coal Caving Face, Gob, Mathematical Model, Spontaneous Combustion, and Face Ad­ vancing. INTRODUCTION With the current steady increase in world coal production (3.6% annual growth) and the increasing depth at which coal must be recovered, more underground mines will be developed.

A 3D particle-based numerical approach to simulate the longwall top coal caving (LTCC) process was proposed, which for the first time the effect of continuous support advance and the face-end ...

Developed in China, top coal caving uses a modified long wall mining system. LTCC allows the excavation of thick coal seams of 5 to 12 metres at one pass of the longwall machine, generating high productivity and economic returns for an operation. The thick coal seam mining technique is a significant advance in underground coal mining and has ...

In the process of longwall top coal caving, the selection of the top coal caving interval along the advancing direction of the working face has an important effect on the top coal recovery. To ...

Longwall Top Coal Caving (LTCC) is a special designed longwall mining method for very thick seams (thickness is more than 4.5m) where good quality coal is being left because "conventional" longwall equipment has not yet been designed to operate successfully beyond around 5m mining height.

Abstract-Longwall top coal caving (LTCC) techniques has been employed in favourable geological conditions widely in China since the mid-80s and in Australia recently. With the improvement of highly-powered face equipment and the method itself, in the past 15 years, LTCC was introduced to more challenging geological ...